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21. Chad

In Chad, there is fear of expression because the country is emerging from a very long period of dictatorship. Furthermore, the ignorance about individual rights prevents some citizens of exercising…

22. Congo Brazzaville

In Congo, the law guarantees freedom of expression and the effective exercise of this freedom. However, there exists a gap between what is legislated on paper and what is effectively practised. The…

23. DRC

After the country’s post-conflict national dialogue ended in 2001, the Republic of the Congo passed a “Freedom of Information and Communication” law and it is one of the few countries in Central…

24. Eswatini

Politics determines the direction of media activities in this small, landlocked nation of the Kingdom of Swaziland. Permission is commanded from the highest ranks of government before any public…

25. Ethiopia

Although the Constitution of 1995 guarantees freedom of expression and the media, fear of speaking openly is widespread. People are generally afraid to express their political opinions freely for…

26. Gabon

In Gabon there still remains a lot of room for improvement as far as the media is concerned. General freedom of expression is guaranteed under the Constitution and several pieces of legislation.…

27. Ghana

Since the 2012 elections in Ghana, the public is increasingly scrutinising the media to demand more accountability and fairness. Whilst freedoms of expression and press have significantly improved…

28. Guinea

The first ever Guinean African Media Barometer panel discussion took place in June 2011. After many years of political volatility and a long transitional phase leading to a democratically elected…

29. Ivory Coast

Côte d’Ivoire has a law which looks at the legal status of the press and supports the principles of freedom of expression by protecting the freedom of the press. But due to the political upheaval…

30. Kenya

The Kenyan African Media Barometer panel discussion took place in March 2012. The discussion revealed that Kenyans celebrated the promulgation of their new Constitution as an instrument that would…